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湾里区文化部门对家谱修编的指示
We can find validation from research scientists who study human genetics. 我们可以从研究人类基因的科学家那里得到证实。 They claim that lineages derived from known people groups did in fact appear to have migrated from the "Near East", "Middle East" or "Mesopotamia" (also called the "Cradle of Civilization" or the "Cradle of Mankind") sometime during prehistory. 他们研究认为，全世界所有的人类族群的基因血统都是来自于“近东”、“中东”或“美索不达米亚”的迁徙（那里被称为文明的摇篮或人类的摇篮）。 This information is derived from DNA haplogroups. 这一信息来源于DNA的单倍型类群，（人类Y染色体DNA单倍型类群）Haplogroups are used in DNA tests for markers that give a broad or regional picture; haplotypes are one person's results on various DNA tests. 单倍型类群使用于DNA测试，以标记出其区域图，单倍型是单个人在各种DNA测试的结果。 Data comes from either Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) passed down from a father, or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) passed down from a mother.数据可以来源于承继父亲的Y染色体DNA，也可来源于承继母亲的线粒体DNA。 Both can be used to define genetic populations from one generation to the next intact. 两者都可以用于确定基因种群从上一代向下一代的完整遗传。 Here we attest there was a first pair, Adam and Eve. 这里我们要确认的是有第一对夫妇亚当和夏娃的遗传。 Scientists have traced the mitochondrial DNA in all living humans back to a single female, and similarly, genetic markers in all males in the world today can be traced back to a single male. 科学家们从所有人类的线粒体DNA中追溯到她们来源于单个的女性，同样的，今天世界上所有男性的基因标记也是追溯到来源于单一的男性。 Y-chromosome Adam and mitochondrial Eve are connected to everyone now living by an unbroken father-to-son or mother-to-daughter line (including everyone else in their generations who's ancestors are connected through one or more father-to-daughter or mother-to-son links). 亚当的Y染色体和夏娃的线粒体与现今所有的人通过以“父亲-儿子”“母亲-女儿”的连续遗传，得以连接。 Haplogroup classifications are based on identification of genetic markers which a population of individuals share, passed down from an ancient but common ancestor. 单倍型类群分类是基于对种群共有基因标记的识别，是由一个古代共同的祖先传承下来的。These genetic markers are evolving as new markers are found, sometimes resulting from occasional mutations to DNA.当这些基因标记发展为新标记时就会被发现，这种改变是因为偶尔的DNA突变而产生。 Different populations carry distinct markers.不同的种群携带有明显差别的标记。 Examples of these markers can be seen in the charts below: 以下图表中就能发现这些标记的例证:
Notice in the images below (public domain) that the genetic lineages originate from "somewhere in the Middle East"
or Mesopotamia as the Bible claims: 注意以下图表的公共区域表明基因血统是来自于圣经所描述的“中东地区”或美索不达米亚。
The migration map below represents migration patterns for Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) passed down from a father. The letters represent markers for individual mutations.下面迁徙图显示了从同一父亲传承的Y染色体DNA的迁徙模式。字母代表个体变异的标记。
The migration map below represents patterns for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) passed down from a mother. The letters represent markers for individual mutations.以下迁徙图显示了由同一母亲传承下来的线粒体DNA迁徙模式。字母代表个体变异的标记。
A majority of scholars and Bible historians agree that most of the descendants of Shem stayed in the Middle East, and that Shem's descendants are well documented. 绝大多数学者和圣经史学家都认为大多数闪的后裔停留在中东，闪族后裔历史能够完整的记录。 These include the Hebrews, Persians and Assyrians. 他们包括希伯来人，波斯人和亚述人。 Modern day Arabs and Jews trace their lineage to Shem. 现今的阿拉伯人和犹太人血统都能追溯到闪。 Many Arabic nomad tribes still claim they descended from Shem. 许多阿拉伯游牧民族现在仍然宣称自己是闪族后裔。 The descendants of Shem (Shemites) are often called Semites, a term first used in the late 18th century for peoples listed in the Bible as descended from Shem. 闪的后裔通常也称为闪米特人，是18世纪以来用于记述圣经中闪的后裔的专门术语。 Today the term Semite refers to peoples who speak any of the Semitic languages, including the ancient peoples who inhabited Babylonia (Mesopotamia). 今天闪米特人术语一般指那些讲闪米特语言的所有民族，包括古代美索不达米亚地区古巴比伦人。 Modern peoples speaking Semitic languages include the Arabs and Jews. 现代人讲闪米特语言的有阿拉伯人和犹太人。 Several centuries before the Christian Era, many ancient Semitic populations were migrating in large numbers from Arabia to Mesopotamia, the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, and the Nile River delta. 在公元前几个世纪，有许多古代闪米特人口大量从阿拉伯地区迁徙到美索不达米亚地区，地中海沿岸和尼罗河三角洲。 Jews and other Semites settled in villages in Judea (southern Palestine). 犹太人和其他的闪米特人则定居于犹大地区的村庄（巴勒斯坦南部）。Today, Semitic-speaking peoples are concentrated in the Middle East and northern Africa.今天，说闪米特语言的人口则集中于中东地区和北非地区。
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